Question:
Who was Judas Maccabeus? And are the books of the Maccabees a part of Scripture?
Answer:
The Maccabees, also known as the Hasmoneans or Asmoneans, were named after Hashmon, the great-grandfather of Mattathias. The family is particularly associated with Judas Maccabeus, the third son of Mattathias, who was known for his strong resistance against the Syrians. The title “Maccabeus” eventually encompassed all members of Mattathias’ family and their descendants. Their leadership emerged in response to Antiochus Epiphanes’ efforts to impose Greek worship on the Jews between 175 and 164 B.C.
The revolt began in the small town of Modin, where Mattathias and his five sons lived. Following the overturning of an idolatrous altar, Mattathias and his sons fled to the mountains. In 167 B.C., Judas assumed leadership, leading loyal Jews to multiple victories and eventually restoring temple worship after three years. He then fought for political independence but was tragically killed in the battle of Eleasa in 161 B.C. His brother, Jonathan, succeeded him. To some extent, the Maccabees acted as kings but were ultimately somewhat reliant on Rome.
Historical accounts of these events can be found in the books of the Maccabees. Although these books are not considered inspired Scriptures–in one place prayer for the dead is spoken of, and even the translation of this is questionable–they shed light on the brave and loyal character of the Maccabees. It’s worth noting that these writings are not theological guides or considered inspired religious texts.
